Wireless Sensor Network With Modified Sdn For Dynamic Load Balanced And Multipath Routing

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have undergone significant advancements over the past few decades, becoming a crucial component in various applications such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial automation. Traditionally, WSNs have relied on static routing protocols that lack adaptability to changing network conditions. This rigidity often results in congestion, energy inefficiency, and suboptimal overall network performance. Fixed routing paths frequently cause imbalanced load distribution, ultimately reducing the lifespan and efficiency of sensor nodes. A key limitation of conventional WSNs is their inability to accommodate dynamic network changes, including node failures, energy depletion, or environmental disruptions. These challenges lead to inefficient routing, redundant data retransmissions, and increased energy consumption. Moreover, traditional WSN architectures generally exhibit poor scalability, making it difficult to maintain consistent performance as the network size increases. Single-path routing, commonly used in these systems, further exacerbates the risk of data loss in the event of path failure or congestion. This research addresses the need for a more adaptive and efficient routing mechanism capable of responding to dynamic network conditions while ensuring load balancing and fault tolerance. The primary motivation is to enhance the reliability, energy efficiency, and scalability of WSNs, especially in large-scale deployments where conventional routing techniques fall short. To tackle these challenges, the proposed system integrates Software-Defined Networking (SDN) with WSNs. SDN introduces centralized control and real-time routing adaptation, enabling dynamic load balancing and multipath routing. This integration allows for more flexible and efficient traffic management, improved fault tolerance, and optimal resource utilization. By dynamically adjusting routes and distributing the network load, the system aims to overcome the limitations of traditional WSNs and deliver robust performance across a wide range of applications.